导航栏
"Petroleum refining" is the cornerstone of energy supply and chemical industries, directly influencing key sectors of the national economy such as transportation, manufacturing, and agriculture. The "QAIT" company is engaged in the petroleum sector, providing full-life-cycle integrated services for refineries and core refining units. Its services cover the complete chain from consulting and planning, engineering design, project construction to delivery and operation, specifically including:
Overall Refinery Services: Provide pre-project feasibility studies and master planning scheme design for refinery projects. Through scientific engineering design and refined construction management, complete the construction and delivery of refineries to ensure the efficient implementation of projects.
Specialized Services for Core Units: Aiming at key equipment such as distillation columns, catalytic cracking units, and ethylene units, carry out customized technical consulting and process optimization design. Relying on rich engineering experience, achieve full-process control of units from planning and design to construction and delivery, so as to ensure the operation performance and production benefits of the units.
1.Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals Overview：
"Petroleum refining and petrochemicals" refers to the process of processing crude oil, separating and converting it into various useful products through a series of physical and chemical processes. This process is a core link in the petroleum industry, aiming to maximize the utilization of crude oil value and meet the needs of energy, chemical industry and other fields.
Refinery Construction
2.Main Processes and Technologies：
（1）Crude Oil Pretreatment：
Remove water, salts, solid impurities, etc. from crude oil to avoid corrosion of subsequent equipment and process interference.
（2）Distillation Separation (Primary Processing)：
Atmospheric distillation: Heating crude oil under atmospheric pressure and separating it into different fractions according to different boiling points, such as petroleum gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, heavy oil, etc.
Vacuum distillation: Further reduce the pressure and heat the heavy oil to separate lubricating oil fractions, paraffin, asphalt, etc., to avoid component decomposition at high temperatures.
Distillation Column Construction
（3）Conversion and Upgrading (Secondary Processing)：
Catalytic cracking: Cracking heavy oils (such as heavy oil) into small-molecule hydrocarbons under the action of a catalyst to produce gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.
Catalytic reforming: Converts low-octane straight-run gasoline into high-octane gasoline (for automotive fuels), while by-producing aromatics (chemical raw materials).
Hydrocracking: Cracking and refining heavy oil in a high-pressure hydrogen environment to produce clean fuels and high-quality chemical raw materials.
Delayed coking: Converts residual oil into coke, light oil and gas, which is used for processing difficult-to-process heavy oil.
Construction of Catalytic Cracking Unit
（4）Refining and Purification：
Carry out desulfurization, denitrification, demetallization and other treatments on each fraction to reduce impurity content and improve product quality (such as producing low-sulfur diesel and clean gasoline).
（5）Chemical Raw Material Production (Tertiary Processing)：
Further process petroleum fractions into basic chemical raw materials, such as ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, xylene (collectively known as "three olefins and three benzenes"), for the production of plastics, rubbers, fibers, fertilizers, etc.
Construction of Ethylene Plant
3.Main Products：
（1）Raw Materials：
Typical products: gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, aviation kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.
Purpose: Transportation, industrial heating, civil fuel, etc.
（2）Lubricants：
Typical products: engine oil, gear oil, hydraulic oil, lubricating grease, etc.
Purpose: Mechanical lubrication, reducing wear and tear, etc.
（3）Chemical Raw Materials：
Typical products: ethylene, propylene, benzene, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.
Purpose: Production of chemical products such as plastics, rubbers, fibers, coatings, adhesives, etc.
（4）Other：
Typical products: paraffin wax, asphalt, petroleum coke, etc.
Purpose: Packaging materials, road construction, raw materials for electrolytic aluminum, etc.
